PhD Studentship: Nature Protection Versus Nature Restoration: Who Benefits and Who Loses Out?

This is an opportunity to conduct fully funded interdisciplinary research under the ‘Sustainable Transitions – Leverhulme Doctoral Training Programme’ at the University of Essex.

Decisions around whether to use limited conservation funding to protect “good” ecosystems or improve degraded ones are typically based upon economic and ecological considerations alone. Yet there are numerous potential ways in which this decision not only determines the costs and ecological benefits of conservation activities, but also the social outcomes. For example, in Europe and North America, nature protection almost certainly involves a greater focus on predominantly white rural populations and relatively affluent suburban areas. Cash for conservation in urban areas has the potential to benefit a wider diversity of the population. But, even here, the social benefits of investment in nature may not be shared equitably with regards to ethnicity, gender, socioeconomic status, and sexuality. However, integrating social justice into conservation poses challenges as policy makers and planners typically rely on top-down decision making, while social outcomes are heavily influenced by local ("bottom-up") processes. Connecting conservation efforts with nature-based education can enhance the resilience and well-being of local communities. However, research on indigenous communities is more nuanced, with some studies indicating negative mental and physical health impacts of conservation due to displacement. Therefore, further interdisciplinary research in this area is urgently needed to support more holistic conservation decision making. 

Interdisciplinary focus

This PhD project will take a critical ecological approach to assess how conservation decision making influences social outcomes. Supported by supervisors specialising in statistical ecology and both quantitative and qualitative sociology, you will seek interdisciplinary synthesis by combining large-scale modelling of social and ecological systems with place-based research involving the use of qualitative methodologies such as focus groups, interviews, and questionnaires.

Training and Support

You will be supported through the Sustainable Transitions training programme which provides initial training in interdisciplinary research methods, training in the secondary discipline, and ongoing training throughout the duration of the programme. All doctoral scholars benefit from the support of Proficio which entitles you to £2,500 that can be used to purchase training courses either within or external to the University. Additionally, all scholars are entitled to £10,000 that can be used for further training and research costs. Doctoral scholars are encouraged to audit / attend University masters and degree level courses where appropriate. You will also have the support of the Sustainable Transitions management team as well as your own supervisory team. All Sustainable Transitions scholars will become part of the University of Essex ‘Centre for Environment and Society’ through which ongoing events and networking opportunities are available.

Person specification

This opportunity would suit candidates with a strong background in conservation science and statistical modelling, as well as a keen interest in developing skills in quantitative and qualitative sociology.

Research Proposal

The project area is broadly defined, leaving scope for the applicant to develop their own specific research proposal as part of the application. The successful candidate will further develop their proposal in close consultation with the supervisory team.