10 Apr 2024
Job Information
- Organisation/Company
Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra- Department
The Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering- Research Field
Agricultural sciences- Researcher Profile
First Stage Researcher (R1)- Country
Slovakia- Application Deadline
31 May 2024 - 23:59 (Europe/Bratislava)- Type of Contract
Not Applicable- Job Status
Part-time- Is the job funded through the EU Research Framework Programme?
Not funded by an EU programme- Is the Job related to staff position within a Research Infrastructure?
No
Offer Description
Analysis of the influence of selected sections of linear constructions on environmental components
Supervisor: prof. Ing. Dušan Igaz, PhD.
Workplace: Institute of Landscape Engineering, FHLE, SAU Nitra
Field of study: Agriculture and Landscaping
Study program: Landscape Engineering
Form of study: part-time
Theses:
Highways provide important services to society, such as transportation, travel, and the flow of materials and information, but they are also associated with negative ecological, pedological and hydrological consequences, including destruction of natural areas, landscape fragmentation and ecosystem degradation. Given the existing road networks and the expected increase in road length, it is important to understand how these impacts propagate in space and time.
Studies to date have highlighted different environmental impacts of highway construction and operation. The extent, or distance of this effect is variable and asymmetric with respect to the location of the road body, making it difficult to identify areas affected by highways. Defining changes in road zones is key to estimating the percentage of ecologically impacted area and identifying critical areas for restoration and protection. Understanding ecological processes requires a long-term view, and long time series of data, for example obtained by the remote sensing method, are crucial for tracking the impacts of highways on ecosystems. The development of new remote sensing-based approaches is essential for effective monitoring and assessment of environmental impacts.
Reasoning:
Construction and maintenance of linear constructions can cause soil erosion, soil compaction and anthropogenic disturbance of the soil layers, thereby degrading soil quality, structure and composition. This has implications for changes in soil properties, which may have consequences for the agrarian use of the affected area and ecological sustainability. During the construction of highways, vegetation is removed and the surface soil cover is disturbed, which increases the risk of soil erosion and increases its transport into waterways.
Highways can alter the water regime of soils by changing surface runoff and infiltration processes. As a result, soil drainage can occur, which affects water availability for plants and can have a negative impact on wetlands and aquatic ecosystems. Last but not least, highways have a major impact on landscape fragmentation. They can divide formerly connected ecosystems into isolated parts, making it impossible for animals to migrate.
Funding:
Project VEGA 1/0021/22
Analýza vplyvu vybraných úsekov líniových stavieb na zložky životného prostredia
Školiteľ: prof. Ing. Dušan Igaz, PhD.
Pracovisko: UKI FZKI SPU v Nitre
Študijný odbor: Poľnohospodárstvo a krajinárstvo
Študijný program: Krajinné inžinierstvo
Forma štúdia: externá
Tézy:Diaľnice poskytujú dôležité služby pre spoločnosť, ako je doprava, cestovanie, tok materiálov a informácií, ale sú tiež spojené s negatívnymi ekologickými, pedologickými a hydrologickými dôsledkami, vrátane ničenia prírodných oblastí, fragmentácie krajiny a degradácie ekosystémov. Vzhľadom na existujúce cestné siete a očakávaný nárast dĺžky ciest je dôležité pochopiť, ako sa tieto vplyvy šíria v priestore a čase.
Doterajšie štúdie poukazujú na rôzne vplyvy výstavby a prevádzky diaľnic na životné prostredie. Dosah, resp. vzdialenosť tohto účinku je variabilná a asymetrická vzhľadom na polohu cestného telesa, čo komplikuje identifikáciu oblastí ovplyvnených diaľnicami. Definovanie zmien v cestných zónach je kľúčové pre odhad percenta ekologicky ovplyvneného územia a určenie kritických oblastí na obnovu a ochranu. Pochopenie ekologických procesov vyžaduje dlhodobý pohľad, pričom dlhé časové rady údajov napríklad získané metódou DPZ sú kľúčové pre sledovanie vplyvov diaľnic na ekosystémy. Rozvoj nových prístupov založených na diaľkovom prieskume je nevyhnutný pre účinné monitorovanie a hodnotenie environmentálnych dôsledkov.
Zdôvodnenie:
Výstavba a údržba líniových stavieb môžu spôsobiť eróziu pôdy, zhutnenie pôdy a antropogénne narušenie pôdnych vrstiev, čím sa zhoršuje kvalita pôdy, jej štruktúra a aj zloženie. To má dosah na zmeny pôdnych vlastností, čo môže mať dôsledky na agrárne využívanie ovplyvneného územia a ekologickú udržateľnosť. Pri budovaní diaľnic dochádza k odstráneniu vegetácie a narušeniu povrchového krytu pôdy, čo zvyšuje riziko erózie pôdy a jej zvýšeného transportu do vodných tokov.
Diaľnice môžu zmeniť vodný režim pôd tým, že menia povrchový odtok a infiltračné procesy. V dôsledku toho môže dôjsť k odvodneniu pôdy, čo ovplyvňuje dostupnosť vody pre rastliny a môže mať negatívny vplyv na mokrade a vodné ekosystémy. V neposlednom rade majú diaľnice zásadný vplyv na fragmentáciu krajiny. Pôvodne prepojené ekosystémy môžu rozdeliť na izolované časti, čím znemožňujú migráciu zvierat.
Finančné krytie:
Projekt VEGA 1/0021/22
More information about PhD position
https://www.fzki.uniag.sk/en/doctoral-study-programmes/
https://www.fzki.uniag.sk/sk/doktorandske-studijne-programy/
Additional research info: [email protected]
Additional admin info: [email protected]
Requirements
- Research Field
- Agricultural sciences
- Education Level
- Master Degree or equivalent
- Languages
- ENGLISH
- Level
- Good
Additional Information
Work Location(s)
- Number of offers available
- 1
- Company/Institute
- Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra / Institute of Landscape Engineering
- Country
- Slovakia
- City
- Nitra
- Postal Code
- 94901
- Street
- Hospodárska 7
- Geofield
Where to apply
- Website
https://www.fzki.uniag.sk/sk/prihlasovanie-sa-na-studium/
Contact
- State/Province
Slovakia- City
Nitra- Website
http://www.uniag.sk/sk/- Street
Trieda Andreja Hlinku 2- Postal Code
949 76
STATUS: EXPIRED
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