Design, optimization and vision-based control of magnetic medical robots for colonoscopy

Updated: 3 months ago
Location: Ons en Bray, PICARDIE
Job Type: FullTime
Deadline: 24 Feb 2024

10 Feb 2024
Job Information
Organisation/Company

FEMTO-ST
Research Field

Engineering
Computer science » Cybernetics
Engineering
Researcher Profile

Recognised Researcher (R2)
Leading Researcher (R4)
First Stage Researcher (R1)
Established Researcher (R3)
Country

France
Application Deadline

24 Feb 2024 - 22:00 (UTC)
Type of Contract

Temporary
Job Status

Full-time
Offer Starting Date

1 Apr 2024
Is the job funded through the EU Research Framework Programme?

Not funded by an EU programme
Is the Job related to staff position within a Research Infrastructure?

No

Offer Description

In 2020, more than 48,000 cases of colorectal cancer were diagnosed in France and more than 2 million worldwide, the cure rate depending on the stage of the cancer [1,2,3]. Indeed, early diagnosis makes it possible to cure more than 90% of cases, which would save more than 43,000 patients per year [1,2,3]. However, carrying out systematic exams for colorectal cancer from the age of 50 would increase the number of colonoscopies to be performed, which represents a major challenge in terms of material and human resources and patient acceptability.

 

During the examination, the classical colonoscope is introduced into the patient's rectum and then pushed down until all the areas to be observed are reached. The colonoscope, more or less flexible, relies on the walls of the intestine to deform and progress through the colon. The force exerted by the doctor and the pressures of the endoscope exerted on the colon cause unbearable inconvenience for the patients and sometimes injuries. Recent developments in magnetically actuated endoscopes have demonstrated that they could reduce inconvenience, cost, enhance diagnostic capabilities and improve therapeutic interventions [4]. Although promising, the use of magnetically actuated endoscopes for clinical use is confronted with design and control challenges which are all the greater since the colon is an unstructured and dynamic environment, subject to notable variations, and containing obstacles such as tissue folds, water and debris.

 

The specificity of magnetic control is that it is very unstable because it does not generate a stable point of equilibrium. Indeed, if the rotation is controllable thanks to the orientation of the field lines, the control of the position is more problematic. The reason is that the magnetic elements are systematically attracted towards the magnet or repelled by it. The magnetic colonoscope (i.e. the robot) is thus systematically pressed against the walls of the intestine. Even if the pressures exerted are lower than those exerted by conventional endoscopes, the forces of friction with the walls of the intestine disturb the progress and the control of the colonoscope and cause inconvenience for the patient. The key point of the proposed solution is the generation of a stable point of equilibrium in position and in orientation thanks to the combination of several magnetic actuators and an external force (tether cord also used for power supply and information transfer). The obtained preliminary results demonstrated that it was possible to control the position and the orientation of a magnetic robot thanks to this approach [6,7]. The colonoscope will thus be able to progress through the colon in the desired direction without exerting pressure on the walls of the intestines. The doctoral work in relation to this thesis subject will be done in collaboration with the Besançon University Hospital of the visceral and digestive surgery department. It will focus on two issues:

  • The optimization of a magnetic field actuation system allowing the precise movement and positioning of the colonoscope throughout the digestive tract. This part will be based on the work of a thesis in progress.
  • Modeling and control: development of generic tools to model and control complex AI-based systems. This step includes experimental validation on Phantom and ex-vivos organs.

References

  • Joseph, D. A. et al. Colorectal cancer screening: estimated future colonoscopy need and current volume and capacity. Cancer 122, 2479–2486 (2016).
  • Comas, M., Mendivil, J., Andreu, M., Hernandez, C. & Castells, X. Long-term prediction of the demand of colonoscopies generated by a population-based colorectal cancer screening program. PLoS ONE 11, e0164666 (2016).
  • Bray, F. et al. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J. Clin. 68, 394–424 (2018).
  • Abbott, J. J., Diller, E. & Petruska, A. J. Magnetic methods in robotics. Annu. Rev. Control Robot. Auton. Syst 3,
  • T. Cheng, W. Li, W. Y. Ng, Y. Huang, J. Li, S. H. Ng, P. W.-y. Chiu, and Z. Li, Deep Learning Assisted Robotic Magnetic Anchored and Guided Endoscope for Real- Time Instrument Tracking, IEEE RAL (2021).
  • A. Zarrouk, K. Belharet, and O. Tahri. "Calibration of magnetic platform prototype for vision-based drugs delivery inside human cochlea." IEEE IROS 2017.
  • Funding category: Contrat doctoral
    Région Bourgogne Franche-Comté
    PHD Country: France


    Requirements
    Specific Requirements

    The candidates must have a Master’s degree in Robotics, Mechatronics/Electrical Engineering, Computer Science or related fields and must have good programming skills (Matlab, Python and/or C++). Soft skills are required such as: self-motivation, autonomy, creativity, proactivity, organization and good communication capabilities.


    Additional Information
    Work Location(s)
    Number of offers available
    1
    Company/Institute
    FEMTO-ST
    Country
    France
    City
    Besançon
    Geofield


    Where to apply
    Website

    https://www.abg.asso.fr/fr/candidatOffres/show/id_offre/120196

    Contact
    Website

    http://www.femto-st.fr

    STATUS: EXPIRED